Implant device

ABSTRACT

An implant device for bone anchored hearing aids of the type that include a screw-shaped anchoring element for anchorage in the bone tissue, an abutment sleeve for skin penetration and arranged to be connected to the fixture with a screw connection and a tool for installing the implant into the bone tissue. The fixture and the abutment sleeve are made as a pre-mounted unit that unit is arranged to be installed in one step by means of the tool, which is arranged to cooperate with a tool engaging portion on the abutment sleeve. This arrangement requires fewer pieces to handle for the surgeon during the installation, which means that the surgical procedure can be carried out in a simpler and predetermined way, at the same time as the advantages inherent in a two-piece implant device are maintained.

The present invention relates to an implant device for bone anchored hearing aids. The device comprises a screw-shaped anchoring element (fixture) for permanent anchorage in the bone tissue, an abutment sleeve for skin penetration arranged to be connected to the fixture by means of a screw connection and a tool for installing the implant in the bone tissue. The invention is specifically intended to be used in connection with hearing aid devices of the bone conduction type, ie hearing aid devices by which the sound is transmitted mechanically via the skull bone directly to the inner ear of a person with impaired hearing. However, the invention is not limited to this specific application, but can be used in connection with other types of hearing aid devices for anchorage in the skull bone.

For persons who cannot benefit from traditional, air conduction hearing aids there are other types of sound transmitting hearing aids on the market, ie bone anchored hearing aids which mechanically transmit the sound information to a persons inner ear via the skull bone by means of a vibrator. The hearing aid device is connected to an anchoring element in the form of an implanted titanium screw installed in the bone behind the external ear and the sound is transmitted via the skull bone to the cochlea (inner ear), ie the hearing aid works irrespective of a disease in the middle ear or not. The bone anchoring principle means that the skin is penetrated which makes the vibratory transmission very efficient.

This type of hearing aid device has been a revolution for the rehabilitation of patients with certain types of impaired hearing. It is very convenient for the patient and almost invisible with normal hair styles. It can easily be connected to the implanted titanium fixture by means of a bayonet coupling or a snap in coupling. One example of this type of hearing aid device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,498,461 and it is also referred to the BAHA® bone anchored hearing aid marketed by Entific Medical Systems in Göteborg.

The fixtures which are used today for the bone anchored hearing aid devices are normally designed in such a way that a screw tap is required to form an internal thread in the hole drilled in the skull bone before the screw is inserted. One example of such a fixture is illustrated in U.S. Des. 294,295. This fixture has an external thread with small cutting edges which have a scraping effect in the pre-tapped bone hole. The fixture has also a flange which functions as a stop against the bone surface when the fixture is screwed down into the skull bone. The flange is also in this case provided with through holes for bone ingrowth or the like.

However, it is also previously known to use self-tapping fixtures for the hearing aids. The advantage with that type of fixtures is that they can be inserted without the use of any screw tap, see SE 0002627-8. The installation of the implant is then much easier as at least one tool and one step in the installation procedure of the implant is eliminated.

The implants which are used on the market today are normally in two pieces, one piece consists of the screw-shaped anchoring element (fixture) and the other piece consists of the abutment sleeve for skin penetration. The reason for this two-piece design is the fact that the surgical technique which normally has been used for installing the implants has been carried out as a two-step procedure. In the first step the fixture is inserted and maintained unloaded during a healing period of some months or so. After this healing period the second step of the surgical procedure, ie the connection of the abutment sleeve by means of a screw connection, is carried out.

Thanks to this two-part design the implants can be up-graded if necessary without removing the fixture, and if the abutment sleeve is damaged then it can also be replaced without need of removal of the bone anchored screw.

The disadvantage with these two-part implants is the fact that the number of individual pieces to handle is increased and thereby the surgery time. Normally the fixture is installed by means of a so-called fixture mount which is attached to the fixture by means of a screw joint and the fixture mount has to be removed after the fixture has been inserted. After this moment the abutment sleeve has to be attached in correct position to the fixture by means of a very small screw, either directly after the insertion of the fixture or after a suitable healing period. In both cases there is a risk that the abutment sleeve is attached to the fixture with a too small tightening torque (then there is a risk that the screw joint is loosening) or a too big tightening torque (then there is a risk that the anchorage of the fixture screw in the bone is jeopardized).

By SE 9702164-6 it is previously known to integrate a flange fixture with a first coupling part so that an integral one-piece member is formed. The disadvantage with such an integral implant is the fact that a deformation zone has to be arranged between the flange fixture part and the coupling part of the implant. This deformation zone has at the same time the function of a dismounting zone within which the first coupling part can be separated from the implant by means of a specific tool (cylindric cutter) if a dismounting of the main parts of the implant should be necessary. In order to be able to re-connect the parts with each other it is necessary to provide a washer to bridge the milled away portion of the implant. The simplified installation procedure with such an implant is then counteracted by the complicated procedure which is required if a dismounting should be necessary.

One object of the present invention is to provide an implant device of the above-mentioned type which gives the surgeon a less number of pieces to handle during the installation which means that the surgical procedure can be carried out in a more simple way. However, the implant device should at the same time be designed in such a way that the advantages inherent in a two-piece implant device shall be maintained.

A further object of the invention is to provide an implant device in which the risk for a mistake in the surgical procedure, for instance an incorrect mounting of the fixture mount or the abutment sleeve, an incorrect tightening torque or the like, is reduced.

The invention is mainly characterized in that the fixture and the abutment sleeve are made as a pre-mounted unit which unit is arranged to be installed in one step by means of a tool which is arranged to cooperate with a tool engaging portion on the abutment sleeve.

According to a preferred embodiment the fixture is a self-tapping fixture.

According to a further preferred embodiment the tool comprises a first connecting part for machine insertion of the implant unit as well as a second connecting part for manual insertion of the implant device.

In the following the invention will be described more in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

FIG. 1 illustrates the main parts of an implant device according to the invention, separated as well as pre-mounted,

FIG. 2 illustrates a tool for installation of the pre-mounted implant device, and

FIG. 3 illustrates a package for the pre-mounted implant device.

FIG. 1 illustrates a screw-shaped anchoring element, a so-called fixture 1. The fixture is made of titanium which has a known ability to integrate with the surrounding bone tissue, so-called osseointegration. The fixture has a threaded part 1 a which is intended to be installed into the skull bone and a flange 1 b which functions as a stop when the fixture is installed into the skull bone. The apical part of the fixture has a known tapping ability with in this case three self-tapping edges 1 c. A fixture of this type is described in the above-mentioned SE 0002627-8 and will therefore not be described in any detail here.

The skin penetrating part of the implant comprises a conical abutment sleeve 2 which is also previously known per se as a separate component. The abutment sleeve is provided with an inner annular flange 10′ at its upper edge 10 in order to cooperate with a second coupling part (not shown) by means of snap-in action. The abutment sleeve has an internal shoulder 12 with a central opening 13 for the screw 3 and a number of peripherically arranged through holes or recesses 8 which function will be described more in detail in connection with the tool in FIG. 2.

According to the invention the three main parts are delivered in the form of a pre-mounted device as illustrated in FIG. 1. This means that the implant device is delivered pre-mounted in its package to the surgeon who is then installing the entire device in one step. The abutment sleeve is pre-mounted to the fixture at the manufacturing site with the correct tightening torque and the surgeon does not need to know the correct tightening torque or handle the separate pieces.

In contrast to the previously known implants the fixture hex 1 d is not used for tool engagement during insertion, but instead the recesses 8 in the abutment sleeve are used. These recesses are located on the upper part of the implant device and more visible than the hex which was previously used for the tool engagement and then required the use of a specific fixture mount for the installation.

Previously a screw-driver and a counter torque device has been used for mounting the abutment sleeve on the fixture. According to the present invention only one tool 4 is used, see FIG. 2. The tool comprises a first connecting part 6 for a conventional dental drilling machine as well as a second connecting part in the form of a rectangular portion for manual insertion of the implant. The base portion of the tool comprises a resilient ring 9 with a number of stubs 14 for cooperation with the edge 10 of the abutment sleeve for providing a lifting function for the tool.

The tool is also provided with a lower, central protruding portion 15 with a number of peripherally located, in the longitudinal direction extending spikes 16 which spikes during insertion of the implant unit, are arranged to cooperate with said holes or recesses 8 on the abutment sleeve in order to screw down the implant unit in the bone tissue into a desired position.

The tool is preferably made of stainless steel while the resilient ring 9 can be made of a plastic material.

The pre-mounted implant device is delivered steril in a plastic package 11 comprising a titanium packaging sleeve 12 in order to retain the implant device in a predetermined position in the plastic package, see FIG. 3. At the surgery the plastic package is broken by removing the plastic lid 17 and the pre-mounted implant device is then separated from the titanium packaging sleeve 12 by means of the tool 4 and said lifting function.

By placing the pre-mointed implant device in a titanium packaging sleeve 12 it is protected so that the tool will not come into contact with the fixture part when the implant device is removed from the packaging. A sealing ring 18 is arranged on the cylindrical outer surface of the plastic package to provide a tightening between the plastic package and the lid 17. The sealing ring 18 can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction to provide a tightening even for different positions of the plastic lid 17 on the package.

The invention is not limited to the embodiment which is illustrated in the drawings but can be varied within the scope of the accompanying patent claims. 

1. An implant device for bone anchored hearing aids of the type which comprises a screw-shaped anchoring element (fixture) for anchorage in the bone tissue, an abutment sleeve for skin penetration and arranged to be connected to the fixture by means of a separate screw connection and a tool or installing the implant into the bone tissue wherein the fixture and the abutment sleeve are made as a pre-mounted unit by means of the screw connection which unit is arranged to be installed in one step by means of said tool which is arranged to cooperate with a tool engaging portion on the abutment sleeve.
 2. The implant device according to claim 1, wherein the fixture is a self-tapping fixture and provided with a flange.
 3. The implant device according to claim 1, wherein the tool engaging portion on the abutment sleeve comprises a number of symmetrically arranged recesses or holes.
 4. The implant device according to claim 3, wherein the tool is provided with a lower, central protruding portion with a number of peripherally located, in the longitudinal direction of the tool extending spikes which spikes during tightening, insertion of the implant unit, are arranged to cooperate with said holes or recesses on the abutment sleeve.
 5. The implant device according to claim 1, wherein the tool comprises a first connecting part for installation of the pre-mounted implant device by means of a machine driver as well as a second connecting part for manual insertion of the implant device.
 6. The implant device according to claim 1, wherein the tool comprises a resilient ring for cooperation with the edge of the abutment sleeve in order to provide a lifting function.
 7. The implant device according to claim 6, wherein the pre-mounted implant device is delivered sterile in a plastic package comprising a titanium packaging sleeve in order to retain the implant device in a predetermined position in the plastic package, and after the plastic package has been broken before use the implant device is arranged to be separated from the titanium packaging sleeve by means of said tool and its lifting function.
 8. The implant device according to claim 7, wherein a sealing ring is arranged on the cylindrical outer surface of the plastic package to provide a tightening between the plastic package and a screw lid, said sealing ring being adjustable in the longitudinal direction to provide a tightening even for different positions of the lid on the package. 